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Thyristor


Thyristors are usually three-terminal devices that have four layers of alternating p-type and n-type material. A silicon-controlled rectifier (or semiconductor-controlled rectifier) is a solid state current controlling device. The control terminal of the thyristor, called the gate (G) electrode, connected to an integrated and complex structure as a part of the device. The other two terminals, called the anode (A) and cathode (K), handle the large applied power and conduct the major current through the thyristor.

thyristor

The anode and cathode terminals are connected in series with the load to which power is to be controlled. The Silicon Control Rectifier (SCR) consists of four layers of semiconductors, which form NPNP or PNP structures. It has three junctions, labeled J1, J2, and J3 and three terminals. The anode terminal of an SCR is connected to the P-Type material of a PNPN structure, and the cathode terminal is connected to the N-Type layer, while the gate of the Silicon Control Rectifier SCR is connected to the P-Type material nearest to the cathode. The PNPN thyristor can be considered as two transistors Q1 & Q2 connected in cascade mode. Q1 & Q2 are NPN & PNP transistor such that collector of Q1 connected to the base of Q2. The gate terminal & collector terminal of Q2 connected to the base of Q1. When small gate current is supplied to the base of Q1 the amplified collector current generates very large collector current of Q2. this current is supplied to base of Q1 thus positive feedback is initiated and within a few microseconds saturation is immediately reach. The current is only limited by external load connected with transistor Anode current is directly proportional to Gate Current.

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Application of SCR:
1) Controlled Rectifiers
2) DC To Dc Converters
3) DC To AC Converters
4) Battery Chargers
5) Lamp Dimmers
6) AC Voltage Stabilizers
7) Speed Control of AC & DC Motors


 

 


Thyristor Quiz

1. A Schmitt trigger is [01]

 
 
 
 

2. The output of a Schmitt trigger is a [01]

 
 
 
 

3. A comparator with a Schmitt trigger has [01]

 
 
 
 

4. A comparator with hysteresis is sometimes known as a(n) [01]

 

 
 
 
 

5. The voltage output of a Schmitt trigger is [01]

 
 
 
 

6. When a large sine wave drives a Schmitt trigger, the output is a [01]

 
 
 
 

7. A Schmitt trigger uses [01]

 
 
 
 

8. A Schmitt trigger [01]

 
 
 
 

9. Full wave circuit with op-amp and diode is called as [01]

 
 
 
 

10. A Schmitt trigger achieves hysteresis by utilizing [01]

 
 
 
 

11. A comparator with hysteresis loop is known as [01]

 
 
 
 

12. The voltage out of a Schmitt trigger is [01]